Tarjan's algorithm, which leverages a stack, is a prominent algorithm in graph theory. What problem does Tarjan's algorithm solve efficiently?
Determining the minimum spanning tree of a weighted graph.
Checking if a given graph is bipartite (can be colored using two colors).
Finding the shortest path between any two nodes in a graph.
Identifying strongly connected components in a directed graph.
The stock span problem requires finding the number of consecutive days before each day with a stock price less than or equal to the current day's price. What is the time complexity of the most efficient algorithm for this problem using a stack?
O(1)
O(n^2)
O(n)
O(n log n)
Which of these scenarios would particularly benefit from using a persistent stack?
Implementing undo/redo functionality in a text editor.
Managing function call stacks in a recursive algorithm.
Storing a dynamically changing list of tasks in a to-do app.
Representing the order of web pages visited in a browser's history.
What is the fundamental idea behind memory optimization in stack implementations that use linked lists?
Relying on the operating system's virtual memory management to handle memory allocation and deallocation efficiently.
Pre-allocating a large block of memory for stack nodes to reduce the overhead of individual allocations.
Storing only the difference between consecutive values in the stack, reducing the memory required per node.
Using a tail pointer in addition to the head pointer to facilitate faster memory deallocation during pop operations.
Which of the following scenarios is MOST likely to benefit from using a persistent stack data structure?
Storing a history of user actions for analytics purposes.
Implementing an undo/redo functionality in a text editor.
All of the above.
In the context of memory management within a stack, what is the primary advantage of using linked lists over arrays?
Linked lists allow for dynamic memory allocation, preventing potential overflow issues.
Linked lists provide faster access to elements compared to arrays.
Arrays offer better cache locality compared to linked lists, leading to faster execution.
Arrays are generally more memory-efficient than linked lists.
In a multi-stack implementation using a single array, what technique is commonly used to indicate the boundaries between individual stacks?
Employing a hash table to map stack identifiers to their corresponding array ranges.
Maintaining separate arrays to track the top and bottom of each stack.
Storing special delimiter characters within the array.
Using pointers or indices to mark the top and/or bottom of each stack.
You are building a system that processes a high volume of real-time data using stacks. Which optimization technique would be MOST beneficial for enhancing the performance of your system?
Implementing the stack using a dynamically allocated array that doubles in size when full.
Implementing the stack using a fixed-size array allocated at compile time to minimize allocation overhead.
Employing a stack implemented with a doubly linked list to facilitate faster push and pop operations.
Utilizing a stack implemented with a singly linked list to minimize memory overhead.
In a persistent stack implementation, what happens when you push a new element onto the stack?
A new stack is created with the new element, preserving the original stack.
The original stack is modified to include the new element.
The new element replaces the top element of the original stack.
An error occurs as persistent stacks are immutable.
What is a significant advantage of implementing multiple stacks within a single array compared to using separate arrays for each stack?
Reduced space complexity, especially when stack sizes are unpredictable.
Enhanced security by isolating individual stacks within the array.
Simplified implementation due to using a single data structure.
Improved time complexity for push and pop operations.