What synchronization problem arises from multiple processes accessing shared data concurrently?
Deadlock
Race Condition
Starvation
Thrashing
What is the optimal page replacement algorithm based on?
Future page requests
Random choice
First in memory
Least recently used pages
Which of the following scheduling strategies allows for a process to move between different priority queues based on its behavior and execution history?
Multilevel Feedback Queue Scheduling
Round Robin
Shortest Job Next
First-Come, First-Served
In demand paging, a page fault occurs when:
A process terminates without freeing its pages.
A program is loaded into memory.
A page is removed from physical memory.
A reference is made to a page that is not in main memory.
What is the main advantage of using a modular operating system structure?
Greater inefficiency
Reduction in system security
Easier maintenance and updates
Improved performance
What is the effect of context switching on system performance?
Increases memory consumption
Decreases task completion time
Increases response time
Decreases usable CPU time
What is the main advantage of message passing over shared memory?
More efficient
More secure
Less complex
Requires less memory
Which of the following is a characteristic of user-level threads?
Managed by the operating system kernel
Allow for faster context switching
Can take advantage of multiple processors
Require system calls for scheduling
Which of the following synchronization mechanisms is used to control access to a shared resource?
NetBIOS
Semaphore
Thread Pool
BFS
What is the primary purpose of the process control block (PCB)?
To contain the program code of a process
To manage memory allocation for a process
To store information about process state and resources
To handle interrupt requests from hardware