Why is Priority Scheduling susceptible to starvation?
It is based on the order of arrival
Lower priority processes are delayed indefinitely
All processes run indefinitely
High-priority processes never yield the CPU
What is the primary advantage of using virtual memory?
It increases the physical memory capacity.
It simplifies memory management.
It enhances the security of the operating system.
It allows for execution of processes that do not fit in physical memory.
What is the role of a Process Control Block (PCB)?
To hold information about process scheduling
To store user data
To control memory access
To manage CPU power consumption
Which of the following best defines a 'process' in an operating system?
A sequence of commands.
A file stored on disk.
A collection of data.
A program in execution.
Which of the following is NOT a necessary condition for deadlock to occur?
Circular Wait
Mutual Exclusion
Hold and Wait
Preemption
What is a key advantage of shared memory in Inter-Process Communication (IPC)?
Easy error detection
Slower data exchange
Fast communication between processes
Requires complex synchronization
Which of the following describes the 'Ready' state of a process?
Terminated and exiting
Currently executing on CPU
Ready to execute when CPU is available
Waiting for I/O operation
What is the primary purpose of threading in an operating system?
To enable concurrent execution of tasks
To increase the size of the process
To reduce memory usage
To limit process execution time
Which of the following statements best distinguishes containers from virtual machines?
Containers require more system resources than VMs.
Containers are lightweight and share the host kernel, while VMs emulate entire hardware environments.
Containers encapsulate the entire operating system, while VMs share the host OS.
Containers are less portable than VMs across different hardware.
Which type of operating system is characterized by a single large program running in a single address space?
Microkernel
Monolithic
Layered
Modular