In a deck of 52 cards, what is the probability of drawing a heart, given that you know the card is red?
1/52
1/2
1/13
1/4
A bag contains 5 red balls and 3 blue balls. What is the probability of drawing a red ball at random?
5/8
3/8
3/5
Which of the following correctly describes the null and alternative hypotheses?
The null hypothesis represents the status quo or no effect, while the alternative hypothesis proposes a specific effect.
The null and alternative hypotheses are interchangeable.
The null hypothesis is what we aim to prove, and the alternative hypothesis is the opposite.
The null hypothesis assumes a relationship, while the alternative hypothesis denies it.
Which of the following is NOT a type of discrete probability distribution?
Normal distribution
Poisson distribution
Bernoulli distribution
Binomial distribution
Which of the following is NOT a measure of dispersion?
Variance
Range
Median
Standard Deviation
A researcher wants to ensure representation from different age groups (20-30, 31-40, 41-50, etc.) in their sample. Which sampling method is most appropriate?
Systematic Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling
What is the commonly used significance level (alpha) in hypothesis testing?
0.50
0.10
0.01
0.05
What does a pie chart primarily illustrate?
Parts of a whole
Correlation between variables
Distribution of a single variable
Trend over time
Why is understanding the difference between descriptive and inferential statistics important?
It is only important for professional statisticians, not for beginners.
It helps in choosing the appropriate statistical methods for analysis.
It is mainly relevant for complex statistical research, not everyday data analysis.
It is not important; both types of statistics are used interchangeably.
A researcher wants to survey a sample of students from a university. They randomly select 5 departments and then survey every student within those departments. What sampling method is being used?