A researcher wants to ensure representation from different age groups (20-30, 31-40, 41-50, etc.) in their sample. Which sampling method is most appropriate?
Cluster Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
Systematic Sampling
Stratified Sampling
Which of the following correctly describes the null and alternative hypotheses?
The null and alternative hypotheses are interchangeable.
The null hypothesis is what we aim to prove, and the alternative hypothesis is the opposite.
The null hypothesis represents the status quo or no effect, while the alternative hypothesis proposes a specific effect.
The null hypothesis assumes a relationship, while the alternative hypothesis denies it.
What percentage of data falls below the first quartile (Q1) in a dataset?
50%
75%
25%
100%
Which of the following chart types is MOST effective for displaying data that changes over time?
Line Graph
Box Plot
Pie Chart
Scatter Plot
What is the alternative hypothesis in a statistical test?
The statement that is always true.
The statement we accept if the null hypothesis is rejected.
The statement of no change or no relationship.
The statement we are trying to disprove.
If the range of a dataset is 20, and the smallest value is 5, what is the largest value?
25
Cannot be determined
15
20
If the p-value is less than the significance level, what decision do we make regarding the null hypothesis?
Reject the null hypothesis.
Conclude that the null hypothesis is true.
Fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Accept the null hypothesis.
What level of measurement is represented by the ranking of restaurants from 1 to 5 stars?
Ordinal
Nominal
Ratio
Interval
Which type of chart is particularly useful for comparing the distribution of a variable across different categories?
Histogram
A researcher surveys 100 people and asks them how many pets they own. What type of graph would be most appropriate for displaying the frequency of each response (number of pets)?
Line graph
Pie chart
Scatter plot