A researcher wants to ensure representation from different age groups (20-30, 31-40, 41-50, etc.) in their sample. Which sampling method is most appropriate?
Systematic Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Simple Random Sampling
Stratified Sampling
If you toss a coin three times, what is the probability of getting at least one head?
3/8
1/2
1/8
7/8
A researcher wants to survey a sample of students from a university. They randomly select 5 departments and then survey every student within those departments. What sampling method is being used?
A researcher wants to study the spending habits of shoppers at a mall. They randomly select every 10th shopper entering the mall to participate in a survey. What type of sampling method is this?
What level of measurement is represented by the ranking of restaurants from 1 to 5 stars?
Ratio
Ordinal
Interval
Nominal
What is the alternative hypothesis in a statistical test?
The statement of no change or no relationship.
The statement that is always true.
The statement we are trying to disprove.
The statement we accept if the null hypothesis is rejected.
If the p-value is less than the significance level, what decision do we make regarding the null hypothesis?
Conclude that the null hypothesis is true.
Reject the null hypothesis.
Accept the null hypothesis.
Fail to reject the null hypothesis.
Which of the following data types is most suitable for storing the number of children in a family?
Continuous
Discrete
A researcher surveys 100 people and asks them how many pets they own. What type of graph would be most appropriate for displaying the frequency of each response (number of pets)?
Histogram
Scatter plot
Pie chart
Line graph
What does the alternative hypothesis typically represent?
The statement that is always accepted in hypothesis testing.
The statement of no effect or no difference.
The opposite of the null hypothesis.
The statement that is always rejected in hypothesis testing.