In the context of multithreading, what is 'synchronization' primarily concerned with?
Managing different operating systems.
Ensuring mutual exclusion and visibility of shared data.
Eliminating context switching.
Improving thread performance.
Which disk scheduling algorithm guarantees that each request gets serviced and prevents starvation?
C-SCAN
FCFS
LOOK
SSTF
Which classical synchronization problem involves managing a limited-size buffered resource shared between producer and consumer processes?
Sleeping Barber Problem
Bounded Buffer Problem
Readers-Writers Problem
Dining Philosophers Problem
Which resource is typically not virtualized?
CPU
Memory
Network bandwidth
Physical devices such as printers
What is the purpose of file attributes in an operating system?
To create backups
To compress files
To provide metadata about files
To execute files
In CPU scheduling, what does the term 'throughput' refer to?
The average time a process spends in the ready queue.
The number of processes that complete execution in a given time period.
The time taken by the operating system to switch between processes.
The total time taken from process creation to completion.
What is a potential problem with the Shortest Job Next (SJN) scheduling algorithm?
It quickly handles high-priority tasks.
It is simple to implement.
It may lead to starvation for long processes.
It guarantees fairness among all processes.
In the context of virtualization, what function does a hypervisor serve?
Manage virtual machines
Monitor system bandwidth
Optimize disk storage
Control physical device drivers
Which file allocation method uses a single indexed structure to keep track of all file blocks?
Contiguous Allocation
Acyclic-Graph Allocation
Indexed Allocation
Linked Allocation
Which page replacement algorithm replaces the page that will not be used for the longest period of time in the future?
LRU
Optimal
FIFO
Second Chance