What is the main purpose of using a semaphore in process synchronization?
To provide mutual exclusion to shared resources.
To enable efficient memory allocation.
To serialize access to a shared resource.
To increase processor speed.
During context switching, which information is NOT typically saved?
Process ID
Memory Segmentation
Program Counter
Process State
What type of resource virtualization involves pooling hardware, storage, and network resources for agile computing?
Dynamic Resource Management
Resource Pooling
Software Virtualization
Storage Virtualization
In the Banker’s Algorithm, what is the purpose of the 'maximum' matrix?
To show the available resources in the system
To define the current allocation of resources
To track the total resources in the system
To indicate the maximum resources a process can request
Which scheduling algorithm can lead to starvation of lower priority processes?
Priority Scheduling
Shortest Job Next (SJN)
First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)
Round Robin (RR)
What do hypervisors use to manage multiple virtual machines?
File I/O management
Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM)
A dedicated physical CPU
Typecasting
What distinguishes containers from virtual machines?
Containers are heavier than virtual machines
Containers include a full guest OS
Containers share the host OS kernel
Containers require a hypervisor
What is the purpose of file attributes in an operating system?
To execute files
To provide metadata about files
To compress files
To create backups
In memory allocation, which strategy involves assigning a whole block of memory to a process?
Non-contiguous allocation
Contiguous allocation
Segmentation
Paging
Which disk scheduling algorithm involves the disk arm moving towards the end of the disk before reversing direction?
SSTF
SCAN
LOOK
C-LOOK